1998. 1998. In: PDR Physicians' desk reference for nonprescription drugs. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 1998. p. 807. PediaCare Infants' Drops (Pharmacia/Upjohn). In: PDR Physicians' desk reference for nonprescription drugs. 19th ed. As of 2006[update], all products containing pseudoephedrine have been rescheduled as either "Pharmacist Only Medicines" (Schedule 3) or "Prescription Only Medicines" (Schedule 4), depending on the amount of pseudoephedrine in the product. Guaifenesin's neurological properties first became known in the late 1940s. An illogical way to control methamphetamine abuse", "Archived - Health Canada Reminds Canadians not to use Ephedra/Ephedrine Products", "Family Health Online - Family Health Magazine -PHARMACY CARE - Over-the-Counter Medication - Why must I ask for that? [32] The pair missed the World Championships that year as a result of the disqualification. [49], Products whose only medicinal ingredient is pseudoephedrine must be kept behind the pharmacy counter. Products containing pseudoephedrine along with other medicinal ingredients may be displayed on store shelves but may be sold only in a pharmacy when a pharmacist is present. 1993. [27] Thus, normal dosage of 240 mg pseudoephedrine per day can result in urine concentration levels exceeding the limit of 150 µg/ml set by WADA for about half of all users. AMA Drug evaluations. Sudafed 12 Hour (BW). Ottawa: Canadian Pharmaceutical Association; 1993. p. 409. [10] The safety and effectiveness of nasal decongestant use in children is unclear. Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a sympathomimetic drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. Bäckström claimed he was using it as allergy medication. 24th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists; 1987. p. 1446. [13], Pseudoephedrine is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, severe or uncontrolled hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, prostatic hypertrophy, hyperthyroidism, closed angle glaucoma, or by pregnant women. Retailers must self-certify as to training and compliance. The DEA continued to make greater progress in their attempts to control pseudoephedrine as methamphetamine production skyrocketed, becoming a serious problem in the western United States. Prior to implementation of the system in Tennessee in 2005, methamphetamine laboratory seizures totaled 1,497 in 2004, but were reduced to 955 in 2005, and 589 in 2009. 28th ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 1998. p. 727. In: PDR Physicians' desk reference for nonprescription drugs. 33rd ed. Beta-adrenergic antagonists may also interact with sympathomimetics. Mechanism of action/Effect: Pseudoephedrine acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, producing vasoconstriction. 42nd ed. It reduces oedema of the nasal mucosa, thus improving ventilation, drainage and nasal stuffiness. In: PDR Physicians' desk reference for nonprescription drugs. These medicines must be kept behind the counter, away from public access. Available for Android and iOS devices. 1998. In: Drug Topics Red Book 1998. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 1998. p. 813. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. Treatment for urinary incontinence is an off-label use ("unlabeled use") for these medications. In: Gillis MC, editor. In: PDR Physicians' desk reference for nonprescription drugs. Although WADA initially only monitored pseudoephedrine, it is once again on the banned list starting January 1, 2010. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 19th ed. The vasoconstriction that pseudoephedrine produces is believed to be principally an α-adrenergic receptor response. [79] Certain pharmacies in Terre Haute, Indiana do so as well.[80]. [20] Signed into law by president George W. Bush on March 6, 2006, the act amended 21 U.S.C. Afrinol Repetabs (Schering). Dorcol Children's Decongestant Liquid label (Dorsey—US), Rev 1987, Rec 3/89. These states have seen dramatic results in reducing the number of methamphetamine laboratory seizures. Ottawa: Canadian Pharmaceutical Association; 1993. p. 1150. 42nd ed. [70] The report posits that the decline in meth lab incidents in both states may be due to other factors: "Mexican traffickers may have contributed to the decline in meth labs in Mississippi and Oregon (and surrounding states) as they were able to provide ample supply of equal or greater quality meth at competitive prices". CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. 14th ed. [38], Pseudoephedrine may be quantified in blood, plasma, or urine to monitor any possible performance-enhancing use by athletes, confirm a diagnosis of poisoning, or to assist in a medicolegal death investigation. Pseudoephedrine. Its principal mechanism of action relies on its direct action on the adrenergic receptor system. CPS Compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties. Some municipalities in Missouri have enacted similar ordinances, including Washington,[75] Union,[76] New Haven,[77] Cape Girardeau[78] and Ozark. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. In: Drug Topics Red Book 1998. [82], The bulk of pseudoephedrine is produced by commercial pharmaceutical manufacturers in India and China, where economic and industrial conditions favor its mass production for export.